Kuyang'ana kwama injini amzere osiyanasiyana omwe alipo komanso momwe mungasankhire mtundu woyenera wa pulogalamu yanu.
Nkhani yotsatirayi ndikuwonetsa mwachidule mitundu yosiyanasiyana yama motors omwe amapezeka, kuphatikiza mfundo zake zogwirira ntchito, mbiri yakukula kwa maginito okhazikika, njira zopangira ma liniya ma motors ndi magawo aku mafakitale omwe amagwiritsa ntchito mtundu uliwonse wa injini zofananira.
Linear Motor Technology ikhoza kukhala: Linear Induction Motors (LIM) kapena Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors (PMLSM).PMLSM ikhoza kukhala pachimake chitsulo kapena chitsulo.Ma motors onse amapezeka mumayendedwe athyathyathya kapena ma tubular.Hiwin wakhala akutsogola pakupanga ndi kupanga magalimoto kwazaka 20.
Ubwino wa Linear Motors
Galimoto ya liniya imagwiritsidwa ntchito popereka kayendedwe ka liniya, mwachitsanzo, kusuntha katundu woperekedwa pa liwiro lodziwika, liwiro, mtunda woyenda komanso kulondola.Tekinoloje zonse zoyenda kupatula zoyendetsedwa ndi ma linear motor ndi mtundu wina wamakina oyendetsa kuti asinthe kuyenda kozungulira kukhala koyenda mzere.Zoyenda zoterezi zimayendetsedwa ndi zomangira za mpira, malamba kapena rack ndi pinion.Moyo wautumiki wa ma drive onsewa umadalira kwambiri kuvala kwa zida zamakina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito potembenuza zozungulira kukhala zoyenda mzere ndipo ndi zazifupi.
Ubwino waukulu wamakina oyendera mizere ndikupereka kuyenda kwa mzere popanda makina aliwonse chifukwa mpweya ndiye njira yotumizira, chifukwa chake ma mota amzere amakhala oyendetsa opanda mikangano, omwe amapereka moyo wautumiki wopanda malire.Chifukwa palibe zida zamakina zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga kusuntha kwa mzere, mathamangitsidwe okwera kwambiri amathamanga pomwe ma drive ena monga zomangira za mpira, malamba kapena rack ndi pinion amakumana ndi zolephera zazikulu.
Linear Induction Motors
Chithunzi 1
Linear induction motor (LIM) ndiye woyamba kupangidwa (US patent 782312 - Alfred Zehden mu 1905).Zimapangidwa ndi "choyambirira" chopangidwa ndi mulu wazitsulo zamagetsi zamagetsi ndi kuchuluka kwa ma coil amkuwa omwe amaperekedwa ndi magetsi a magawo atatu ndi "wachiwiri" nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi mbale yachitsulo ndi mbale yamkuwa kapena aluminiyamu.
Pamene ma koyilo oyambirira apatsidwa mphamvu yachiwiri imakhala ndi maginito ndipo gawo la mafunde a eddy limapangidwa mu kondakitala yachiwiri.Gawo lachiwirili lidzalumikizana ndi EMF yoyamba kumbuyo kuti apange mphamvu.Malangizo oyenda adzatsata utoto wa Flmiming IE;mayendedwe akuyenda adzakhala perpendicular mayendedwe apano ndi komwe kumunda / flux.
Chithunzi 2
Ma Linear induction motors amapereka mwayi wotsika mtengo kwambiri chifukwa chachiwiri sichigwiritsa ntchito maginito okhazikika.NdFeB ndi SmCo maginito okhazikika ndi okwera mtengo kwambiri.Ma injini opangira ma Linear amagwiritsa ntchito zida zodziwika bwino, (zitsulo, aluminiyamu, mkuwa), pazowonjezera zawo ndikuchotsa chiwopsezo ichi.
Komabe, choyipa chogwiritsa ntchito ma linear induction motors ndi kupezeka kwa ma drive amotere.Ngakhale ndikosavuta kupeza ma drive a maginito okhazikika a maginito, ndizovuta kwambiri kupeza ma drive ama linear induction motors.
Chithunzi 3
Permanent Magnet Linear Synchronous Motors
Maginito osatha a ma synchronous motors (PMLSM) ali ndi ma motors oyambilira ofanana ndi ma linear induction motors (mwachitsanzo, ma coil omwe amayikidwa pa mulu wazitsulo zamagetsi zamagetsi zomwe zimayendetsedwa ndi magetsi a magawo atatu).Yachiwiri imasiyana.
M'malo mwa mbale ya aluminiyamu kapena mkuwa woyikidwa pa mbale yachitsulo, yachiwiri imapangidwa ndi maginito osatha omwe amaikidwa pa mbale yachitsulo.Kuwongolera kwa maginito kulikonse kwa magnetization kudzasinthana ndi yapitayo monga momwe tawonetsera mkuyu.
Ubwino wodziwikiratu wogwiritsa ntchito maginito okhazikika ndikupanga gawo lokhazikika lachiwiri.Tawona kuti mphamvu imapangidwa pamagetsi olowetsamo mwa kuyanjana kwa gawo loyamba ndi gawo lachiwiri lomwe limapezeka kokha pambuyo poti gawo la mafunde a eddy lapangidwa mu sekondale kudzera mu airgap yamoto.Izi zipangitsa kuti kuchedwe kumatchedwa "slip" ndikusuntha kwachiwiriko kosagwirizana ndi magetsi oyambira omwe amaperekedwa ku pulayimale.
Pachifukwa ichi, ma induction linear motors amatchedwa "asynchronous".Pa injini yokhazikika ya maginito, kusuntha kwachiwiri kumakhala kolumikizana nthawi zonse ndi magetsi oyambira chifukwa gawo lachiwiri limapezeka nthawi zonse popanda kuchedwa.Pachifukwa ichi, injini zokhazikika zokhazikika zimatchedwa "synchronous".
Mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya maginito okhazikika ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pa PMLSM.Pazaka 120 zapitazi, chiŵerengero cha chinthu chilichonse chasintha.Monga lero, ma PMLSM akugwiritsa ntchito maginito a NdFeB kapena maginito a SmCo koma ambiri akugwiritsa ntchito maginito a NdFeB.Chithunzi 4 chikuwonetsa mbiri ya chitukuko cha Permanent maginito.
Chithunzi 4
Mphamvu ya maginito imadziwika ndi mphamvu yake ku Megagauss-Oersteds, (MGOe).Mpaka zaka zapakati pa makumi asanu ndi atatu okha, Zitsulo, Ferrite ndi Alnico zinalipo ndikupereka mphamvu zochepa kwambiri.Maginito a SmCo adapangidwa koyambirira kwa zaka za m'ma 1960 kutengera ntchito ya Karl Strnat ndi Alden Ray ndipo pambuyo pake adagulitsidwa kumapeto kwa zaka makumi asanu ndi limodzi.
Chithunzi 5
Mphamvu zopangira maginito a SmCo poyambilira zinali zochulukirapo kuposa zomwe zidapangidwa ndi maginito a Alnico.Mu 1984 General Motors ndi Sumitomo adapanga maginito a NdFeB, gulu la Neodynium, Iron ndi Boron.Kuyerekeza kwa maginito a SmCo ndi NdFeB kukuwonetsedwa mkuyu. 5.
Maginito a NdFeB amakhala ndi mphamvu zambiri kuposa maginito a SmCo koma amakhudzidwa kwambiri ndi kutentha kwambiri.Maginito a SmCo amalimbananso kwambiri ndi dzimbiri komanso kutentha pang'ono koma ndi okwera mtengo.Kutentha kwa ntchito kukafika pa kutentha kwakukulu kwa maginito, maginito amayamba kufota, ndipo demagnetization iyi ndi yosasinthika.Kutaya mphamvu kwa maginito kumapangitsa injiniyo kutaya mphamvu ndikulephera kukwaniritsa zofunikira.Ngati maginito akugwira ntchito pansi pa kutentha kwakukulu 100% ya nthawiyo, mphamvu zake zidzasungidwa pafupifupi kosatha.
Chifukwa cha mtengo wapamwamba wa maginito a SmCo, maginito a NdFeB ndi abwino kwa ma motors ambiri, makamaka chifukwa cha mphamvu yapamwamba yomwe ilipo.Komabe, ntchito zina kumene ntchito kutentha kungakhale mkulu kwambiri ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito maginito SmCo kukhala kutali ndi kutentha ntchito pazipita.
Kupanga kwa ma Linear motors
Makina ozungulira nthawi zambiri amapangidwa kudzera pa Finite Element Electromagnetic Simulation.Choyimira cha 3D chidzapangidwa kuti chiyimire stack lamination, ma coil, maginito, ndi mbale zachitsulo zomwe zimathandizira maginito.Mpweya udzasinthidwa mozungulira mozungulira komanso mu airgap.Kenako katundu adzalowetsedwa pazinthu zonse: maginito, zitsulo zamagetsi, zitsulo, ma coils, ndi mpweya.Ukonde udzapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu za H kapena P ndipo mtunduwo udzathetsedwa.Ndiye panopa ntchito koyilo iliyonse mu chitsanzo.
Chithunzi cha 6 chikuwonetsa kutulutsa kwa kayeseleledwe komwe kutulutsa mu tesla kumawonetsedwa.Chiwongoladzanja chachikulu cha chiwongoladzanja chofananira ndi cha Motor Force ndipo chidzakhalapo.Chifukwa kutembenuka komaliza kwa ma koyilo sikutulutsa mphamvu iliyonse, ndizothekanso kuyendetsa kayeseleledwe ka 2D pogwiritsa ntchito mtundu wa 2D (DXF kapena mtundu wina) wa mota kuphatikiza ma lamination, maginito, ndi mbale zachitsulo zothandizira maginito.Kutulutsa koyerekeza kwa 2D kotereku kudzakhala pafupi kwambiri ndi kayesedwe ka 3D komanso kolondola kokwanira kuwunika mphamvu yamagalimoto.
Chithunzi 6
Galimoto yolowetsa mzere idzakhala yofanana, mwina kudzera mu 3D kapena 2D model koma kuthetsa kudzakhala kovuta kwambiri kusiyana ndi PMLSM.Izi ndichifukwa choti maginito a maginito a PMLSM yachiwiri adzasinthidwa nthawi yomweyo atalowa m'maginito amagetsi, chifukwa chake njira imodzi yokha idzafunikire kupeza zofunikira zonse kuphatikizapo mphamvu yamoto.
Komabe, kuthamanga kwachiwiri kwa induction motor kudzafunika kusanthula kwakanthawi (kutanthauza kuthetseratu kangapo panthawi yoperekedwa) kuti maginito a maginito a LIM yachiwiri amangidwe ndipo pokhapokha mphamvu ingapezeke.Mapulogalamu omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa Electromagnetic Finite Element Simulation adzafunika kukhala ndi luso loyendetsa kusanthula kwakanthawi.
Linear Motor Stage
Chithunzi 7
Hiwin Corporation imapereka ma liniya motors pamlingo wagawo.Pankhaniyi, injini yokhayo ndi ma module achiwiri ndi omwe adzaperekedwe.Kwa injini ya PMLSM, ma modules achiwiri adzakhala ndi mbale zachitsulo zautali wosiyana pamwamba pa zomwe maginito okhazikika adzasonkhanitsidwa.Hiwin Corporation imaperekanso magawo athunthu monga momwe tawonera mkuyu 7.
Gawo loterolo limaphatikizapo chimango, mayendedwe amizere, pulayimale yamoto, maginito achiwiri, ngolo yoti kasitomala amangirire malipiro ake, encoder, ndi njanji ya chingwe.Malo otsetsereka agalimoto adzakhala okonzeka kuyamba pakubereka ndikupangitsa moyo kukhala wosavuta chifukwa kasitomala sadzafunika kupanga ndi kupanga siteji, zomwe zimafunikira chidziwitso cha akatswiri.
Linear Motor Stage Service Life
Moyo wautumiki wa siteji yamagetsi ndi yayitali kwambiri kuposa siteji yoyendetsedwa ndi lamba, wononga mpira kapena rack ndi pinion.Zida zamakina zamagawo omwe amayendetsedwa mosadukiza nthawi zambiri zimakhala zoyamba kulephera chifukwa cha kukangana ndi kuvala komwe kumawonekera mosalekeza.Linear motor stage ndi yoyendetsa molunjika popanda kukhudzana ndi makina kapena kuvala chifukwa cholumikizira ndi mpweya.Chifukwa chake, zigawo zokhazo zomwe zimatha kulephera pamagawo amtundu wamagalimoto ndi ma fani amtundu kapena injini yokha.
Ma mayendedwe a mzere nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi moyo wautali wautumiki chifukwa ma radial katundu ndi wotsika kwambiri.Moyo wautumiki wa injini udzadalira kutentha kwapakati.Chithunzi 8 chikuwonetsa moyo wotsekereza magalimoto ngati ntchito ya kutentha.Lamulo ndiloti moyo wautumiki uzikhala ndi theka pa 10 digiri Celsius iliyonse kuti kutentha kothamanga kumakhala pamwamba pa kutentha kwake.Mwachitsanzo, kalasi F ya motor Insulation imathamanga maola 325,000 pa kutentha kwapakati pa 120 ° C.
Chifukwa chake, zikuwonekeratu kuti siteji yamoto yozungulira idzakhala ndi moyo wautumiki wa zaka 50+ ngati mota itasankhidwa mosamalitsa, moyo wautumiki womwe sungapezeke ndi lamba, wononga mpira, kapena magawo oyendetsedwa ndi rack ndi pinion.
Chithunzi 8
Mapulogalamu a Linear Motors
Ma Linear induction motors (LIM) amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pamapulogalamu okhala ndi utali woyenda komanso komwe kumafunika mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri kuphatikiza kuthamanga kwambiri.Chifukwa chosankha injini yolumikizira mzere ndi chifukwa mtengo wachiwiri udzakhala wotsika kwambiri kuposa ngati mukugwiritsa ntchito PMLSM komanso kuthamanga kwambiri kwa Linear Induction motor kuyendetsa bwino kwambiri, ndiye kuti mphamvu yaying'ono idzatayika.
Mwachitsanzo, EMALS (Electromagnetic Launch Systems), yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zonyamulira ndege poyambitsa ndege ikugwiritsa ntchito ma motor induction motors.Dongosolo loyamba la liniya yotereyi linayikidwa pa chonyamulira ndege cha USS Gerald R. Ford.Injini imatha kuthamangitsa ndege ya 45,000 kg pa 240 km / h panjanji yamamita 91.
Chitsanzo china chokwera pamapaki osangalatsa.Ma motor induction motors omwe amaikidwa pa ena mwa makinawa amatha kufulumizitsa zolipira zambiri kuchokera pa 0 mpaka 100 km/h m'masekondi atatu.Ma Linear induction motor stages amathanso kugwiritsidwa ntchito pa RTUs, (Robot Transport Units).Ma RTU ambiri akugwiritsa ntchito ma rack ndi ma pinion drives koma cholumikizira cholumikizira cha mzere chimatha kupereka magwiridwe antchito apamwamba, mtengo wotsika, komanso moyo wautali wautumiki.
Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motors
Ma PMLSM nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamakwapu ang'onoang'ono, kuthamanga kwapang'onopang'ono koma okwera mpaka olondola kwambiri komanso ntchito zolimbitsa thupi.Zambiri mwazinthuzi zimapezeka mu AOI (Automated Optical Inspection), semiconductor ndi makina a laser.
Kusankhidwa kwa mizere yoyendetsedwa ndi ma mota, (kuyendetsa molunjika), kumapereka maubwino opitilira muyeso pamayendedwe osalunjika, (magawo omwe kuyenda kwa mzere kumapezedwa potembenuza kusuntha), pamapangidwe okhalitsa ndipo ndi oyenera kumafakitale ambiri.
Nthawi yotumiza: Feb-06-2023